Otto von Bismarck's Milestones

Otto von Bismarck was a German statesman and chancellor who unified Germany, shaped European politics through diplomacy and war, and led the German Empire from 1871 to 1890.
1815

Birth

Otto von Bismarck was born in Schönhausen, Prussia, to Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Bismarck and Wilhelmine Mencken.

Family April 1, 1815
1832

Attended University of Göttingen

Studied law at the University of Göttingen.

Education May 1, 1832 - August 1, 1833
1836

Entered Prussian civil service

Worked as a junior administrative official in the Prussian civil service.

Career January 1, 1836 - January 1, 1839
1839

Managed family estates

Managed the Bismarck family estates in Pomerania and Altmark.

Career January 2, 1839 - May 1, 1847
1847

Elected to Prussian Diet

Elected to the Prussian Diet (parliament), beginning his political career.

Career May 1, 1847

Married Johanna von Puttkamer

Married Johanna von Puttkamer.

Relationship July 28, 1847
1851

Appointed Prussian ambassador

Served as Prussian ambassador to the German Confederation, Russia, and France.

Career January 1, 1851 - September 22, 1862
1862

Appointed Minister President

Appointed Minister President of Prussia by King Wilhelm I.

Career September 23, 1862
1866

Austro-Prussian War

Led Prussia to victory in the Austro-Prussian War, excluding Austria from German affairs.

Achievement June 14, 1866 - August 23, 1866
1867

North German Confederation

Became Chancellor of the North German Confederation, a precursor to the German Empire.

Achievement July 1, 1867 - January 18, 1871
1870

Franco-Prussian War

Engineered and led Prussia to victory in the Franco-Prussian War, paving the way for German unification.

Achievement July 19, 1870 - May 10, 1871
1871

Kulturkampf

Launched the Kulturkampf, a series of policies to reduce Catholic Church influence in Germany.

Other January 1, 1871 - January 1, 1878

German Empire proclaimed

Proclaimed the German Empire in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, becoming its first Chancellor.

Achievement January 18, 1871
1883

Implemented social reforms

Introduced pioneering social welfare legislation, including health, accident, and old-age insurance.

Achievement January 1, 1883 - January 1, 1889
1890

Dismissed as Chancellor

Dismissed as Chancellor by Kaiser Wilhelm II, ending his political career.

Other March 20, 1890
1898

Death

Otto von Bismarck died at his estate in Friedrichsruh, Germany.

Other July 30, 1898